Interview with John M. Ruiz, PhD, USPSTF member and coauthor of Screening and Preventive Interventions for Oral Health in Children and Adolescents Aged 5 to 17 Years, and Screening and Preventive Interventions for Oral Health in Adults: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statements. Hosted by JAMA Editor in Chief Kirsten Bibbins-Domingo, PhD, MD, MAS.

The Enhance Access to Kidney Transplantation and Living Kidney Donation (EnAKT LKD) cluster-randomized clinical trial included 20 375 patients with advanced chronic kidney disease (CKD) from 26 CKD programs in Ontario, Canada, from 2017 to 2021. The CKD programs were randomly allocated to provide a multicomponent intervention (9780 patients) or usual care (10 595 patients). The intervention was designed to help patients who were potentially transplant eligible to complete key steps toward receiving a kidney transplant. Each patient could complete up to 4 steps: (1) referral to a transplant center for evaluation, (2) having a potential living donor contact a transplant center for evaluation, (3) addition to the deceased donor waitlist, and (4) reception of a transplant from a living or deceased donor. This video shows the rate of step completion over the trial period (4.2 years, which included the COVID-19 pandemic) in the intervention and usual care groups.

Meniscal tears are common, and there are a number of different examination techniques for determining their presence. This video depicts clinical examination technique for diagnosing meniscal tears, demonstrating both joint line palpation and McMurray test. For more information, see ""Evaluation and Treatment of Knee Pain"" at https://ja.ma/40a6XCm For the McMurray test, the patient is positioned supine; the proximal hand holds the knee and palpates the joint line while the distal hand holds the sole of the foot. From a position of maximal flexion, the knee is extended with internal rotation of the tibia and varus stress for the detection of lateral meniscal tears. The knee is then returned to maximal flexion and extended with external rotation of the tibia and a valgus stress for detection of medial meniscal tears. Positive findings are pain, snapping, audible clicking, or locking, indicating a compromised medial or lateral meniscus. Joint line tenderness can be used to screen for sensitivity related to meniscal injuries. If pain is localized to either the medial or lateral aspect of the joint, it could suggest compromised integrity of the medial or lateral meniscus. The test is usually performed with the patient relaxed in supine position and the knee flexed to 90 degrees, and asking the patient if palpation elicits tenderness. For diagnosing medial meniscal tears, the tibia is rotated internally and the medial joint line is palpated. To diagnose lateral tears, the tibia is rotated externally and the lateral joint line is palpated.

AI has potential to meaningfully improve patient care. How will AI advances help clinicians focus on the best use of their time and talents? In this Q&A, JAMA Editor in Chief Kirsten Bibbins-Domingo, PhD, MD, MAS, interviews Suchi Saria, PhD, MSc, an associate professor in computer science at Johns Hopkins, to discuss how AI could streamline care.

Approximately 5% of all primary care visits are related to knee pain. Osteoarthritis (OA), patellofemoral pain syndrome, and meniscal tears are among the most common causes of knee pain. JAMA Senior Editor Karen Lasser, MD, MPH, speaks with David Hunter, MD, PhD, from the University of Sydney, about common causes and first-line treatment of knee pain.

In this Q&A, JAMA Editor in Chief Kirsten Bibbins-Domingo, PhD, MD, MAS and Bernard S. Chang, MD, MMSc, a neurologist and dean for medical education at Harvard Medical School, discuss how artificial intelligence (AI) will change medical education, admissions, and teaching the future generation of physicians and clinicians.

In this Q&A, JAMA Editor in Chief Kirsten Bibbins-Domingo, PhD, MD, MAS, discusses artificial intelligence (AI) implementation and the importance of building trust with Andrew Bindman, MD, an internist and the executive vice president and chief medical officer for Kaiser Permanente.

Hyperthyroidism affects 2.5% of adults worldwide and, if untreated, is associated with osteoporosis, heart rhythm abnormalities, heart failure, and increased mortality. JAMA Associate Editor Anne Cappola, MD, speaks with Elizabeth N. Pearce, MD, MSc, of Boston University, about the most common causes, symptoms, and first-line treatments for hyperthyroidism.

Watch an excerpt of a keynote address at JAMAsummit by Robert Califf, commissioner of the U.S. FDA, where he provides a depiction of the current clinical trials enterprise.

Watch JAMA Summit Steering Committee co-chairs share their thoughts about the clinical trial enterprise and explain why JAMA hosted the JAMA Summit.

On May 11th, 2023, the US Food and Drug Administration announced new guidelines that would eliminate blood donation policies that are based on sexual orientation. The updated FDA guidelines end a four-decade old policy that previously barred gay and bisexual men from donating blood. The new individual donor assessment now asks all prospective donors about their recent sexual history, regardless of the donor’s sexual orientation. This video explores the evolution of the blood ban starting in the 1980s during the AIDS crisis through today and how clinicians, blood banks, and the LGBTQ+ community worked to develop inclusive donation policies.

In this Q&A, JAMA Editor in Chief Kirsten Bibbins-Domingo, PhD, MD, MAS, interviews Kedar S. Mate, MD, an internal medicine physician, President and Chief Executive Officer at the Institute for Healthcare Improvement, and faculty at Weill Cornell Medical College, to discuss AI’s role in health care quality and approaches to improving health equity.

Preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) and postexposure prophylaxis have recently gotten attention as ways to prevent sexually transmitted infections. JAMA Deputy Editor Preeti Malani, MD, MSJ, discusses postexposure prophylaxis using doxycycline (doxyPEP), with Kenneth H. Mayer, MD, professor of medicine and global health at Harvard and medical research director at Fenway Health in Boston.

Vasomotor symptoms are common during menopause and may have substantial negative effects on quality of life. JAMA Senior Editor Linda Brubaker, MD, MS, discusses nonhormonal therapies for menopausal vasomotor symptoms with Susan D. Reed, MD, MPH, MS, professor emeritus at the University of Washington and president and CEO of The North American Menopause Society.

Approximately 500 000 adults in the US have survived childhood cancer. JAMA Deputy Editor Mary McGrae McDermott, MD, speaks with Smita Bhatia, MD, MPH, University of Alabama, about common medical problems that occur in adults who have survived a childhood cancer and optimal approaches to medical care for these patients.

Interview with Esa M. Davis, MD, MPH, USPSTF member and coauthor of Screening for Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy: US Preventive Services Task Force Final Recommendation Statement. Hosted by JAMA Editor in Chief Kirsten Bibbins-Domingo, PhD, MD, MAS.

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory condition of the colon. Individuals with UC have a lower life expectancy and are at increased risk for colectomy and colorectal cancer. However, many new treatments are available. JAMA Senior Editor Karen E. Lasser, MD, MPH, speaks to Gilaad Kaplan, MD, MPH, University of Calgary, about the latest information related to this condition.

There are long-term cardiometabolic health risks for individuals with pregnancies complicated by gestational diabetes. JAMA Senior Editor Linda Brubaker, MD, MS, discusses these risks with Kartik K. Venkatesh, MD, PhD, high-risk pregnancy specialist at The Ohio State University.

Interview with John B. Wong, MD, USPSTF member and coauthor of Preexposure Prophylaxis to Prevent Acquisition of HIV: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement. Hosted by JAMA Editor in Chief Kirsten Bibbins-Domingo, PhD, MD, MAS.

Each year approximately 100 000 people in the US are treated for cervical precancer, and about 4000 individuals die from cervical cancer. JAMA Senior Editor Melissa Simon, MD, MPH, and Rebecca B. Perkins, MD, MSc, Boston University School of Medicine, discuss the importance of HPV screening, genotyping and cytology testing, and HPV vaccination.